At once universal and particular, French culture has spread far and greatly influenced the development of art and science, particularly anthropology, philosophy, and sociology. Updates? ), $6.356 trillion (2019 est. ), electrification - total population: 100% (2020), installed generating capacity: 138.611 million kW (2020 est. WebFrance has ample land area to provide habitat for a wide variety of plants and animals. ), total: 16 yearsmale: 16 yearsfemale: 16 years (2020), total: 20.1%male: 19.9%female: 20.3% (2021 est. More than 25 percent of its territory is covered with forest, and another 50 percent is countryside or farmland.

), total petroleum production: 81,500 bbl/day (2021 est. However, when it comes to natural resources, France surprisingly has a limited reserve. )crude oil estimated reserves: 61.7 million barrels (2021 est. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions 2023 worldatlas.com. )industrial: 18.55 billion cubic meters (2020 est. )0.885 (2017 est. ), wheat, sugar beets, milk, barley, maize, potatoes, grapes, rapeseed, pork, apples, machinery, chemicals, automobiles, metallurgy, aircraft, electronics, textiles, food processing, tourism, agriculture: 2.8% (2016 est. )note: includes overseas territories, on food: 13.2% of household expenditures (2018 est. WebFrance holds a significant place among the European countries and is rich in natural resources including uranium, coal, iron ore, bauxite, zinc, antimony, arsenic, potash, feldspar, gypsum, and fluorspar. France, however, has a very high demand for energy and the uranium deposits are unable to meet, in fact uranium mining in France came to an end in 2001 which forced the country to turn to the importation of uranium to cover for more than half of the annual energy consumption with Niger being one of its primary uranium sources. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Bauxite was first discovered in France in 1821 in the Brignoles region in the Foix mining district. The demand for different types of energy has changed considerably over time. ), 11.56 births/1,000 population (2023 est. note: data are in current year dollars, Germany 18%, Belgium 9%, Italy 9%, Spain 7%, China 7%, Netherlands 6%, United Kingdom 5% (2019), cars, crude petroleum, refined petroleum, packaged medicines, aircraft machinery (2019), $244.28 billion (31 December 2021 est. WebFrance has ample building resources. Webnatural resources of france. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. ), municipal: 5 billion cubic meters (2020 est. It is Europes most important agricultural producer and one of the worlds leading industrial powers. Guadeloupe: Central America and the Caribbean; Martinique: Central America and the Caribbean; total: 643,801 sq km ; 551,500 sq km (metropolitan France)land: 640,427 sq km ; 549,970 sq km (metropolitan France)water: 3,374 sq km ; 1,530 sq km (metropolitan France)note: the first numbers include the overseas regions of French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mayotte, and Reunion, slightly more than four times the size of Georgia; slightly less than the size of Texas, total: 3,956 kmborder countries (8): Andorra 55 km; Belgium 556 km; Germany 418 km; Italy 476 km; Luxembourg 69 km; Monaco 6 km; Spain 646 km; Switzerland 525 kmmetropolitan France - total: 2751 kmFrench Guiana - total: 1205 km, territorial sea: 12 nmcontiguous zone: 24 nmexclusive economic zone: 200 nm (does not apply to the Mediterranean Sea)continental shelf: 200m depth or to the depth of exploitation. There were more than 59 active nuclear plants as of 2010 with all of them contributing around 94.6% of all the primary electricity used in homes and factories around the country. )0.48% (2020 est. WebFrances nature and wildlife France has lots of land area to provide habitat for a wide variety of plants and animals. Solar power is another area that France has actively been engaging in with a total output of about 7,165 MW produced in 2016 alone. In the early 21st century renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, gained new prominence. WebThe principal source of iron ore in France is Lorraine. Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, the Alps and the Pyrenees, France has long provided a geographic, economic, and linguistic bridge joining northern and southern Europe. In 2016 France inaugurated their first geothermal power station in Marseille with the aim of providing an alternative to wind energy. Production started in 1958 but declined in 1978 after the depletion of the reserves. ), total subscriptions: 38 million (2021 est. ); approximately 100,000 National Gendarmerie; approximately 75,000 National Guard (2022), the French military's inventory consists mostly of domestically produced weapons systems, including some jointly produced with other European countries; there is a limited mix of armaments from other Western countries, particularly the US; France has a defense industry capable of manufacturing the full spectrum of air, land, and naval military weapons systems (2022)note: as of 2022, two major future acquisition programs for the French military included the Franco-German-Spanish Future Combat Air System, or FCAS (known in France as the systme combat arien du futur, or SCAF) and a next-generation tank development project with Germany known as the Main Ground Combat System, or MGCS, 18-25 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; no conscription (abolished 2001); 12-month service obligation; women serve in noncombat posts (2022)note 1: in 2019, women comprised approximately 16% of the uniformed armed forces note 2: men between the ages of 17.5 and 39.5 years of age, of any nationality, may join the French Foreign Legion; those volunteers selected for service sign five-year contractsnote 3: in 2018, Parliament passed a law that would require military service for all genders beginning in 2024; Prime Minister MACRON included the measure in his platform hoping that it would reinvigorate a sense of civic duty; the service would include two components: the first would take place around age 16 and include one month of training and civic service, while the second component would last between three months and a year and be more geared towards defense and security duties; France began a pilot for the program in 2019, approximately 300 Central African Republic; 300 Comoros; approximately 900 Cote d'Ivoire; approximately 1,450 Djibouti; 220 Estonia (NATO); approximately 2,000 French Guyana; approximately 900 French Polynesia; approximately 1,000 French West Indies; 350 Gabon; approximately 500 Middle East (Iraq/Jordan/Syria); 600 Lebanon (UNIFIL); approximately 1,400 New Caledonia; approximately 1,700 Reunion Island; approximately 800 Romania (NATO); approximately 350 Senegal; approximately 650 United Arab Emirates; approximately 2,500 West Africa (Chad, Niger; Operation Barkhane, Operation Sabre) (2022)note 1: France has been a contributing member of the EuroCorps since 1992 note 2: in response to Russias 2022 invasion of Ukraine, some NATO countries, including France, have sent additional troops to the battlegroups deployed in NATO territory in eastern Europe, France was one of the original 12 countries to sign the North Atlantic Treaty (also known as the Washington Treaty), which created NATO in 1949; in 1966, President Charles DE GAULLE decided to withdraw France from NATOs integrated military structure, reflecting his desire for greater military independence, particularly vis--vis the US, and the refusal to integrate Frances nuclear deterrent or accept any form of control over its armed forces; it did, however, sign agreements with NATO setting out procedures in the event of Soviet aggression; beginning with the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, France distanced itself from the 1966 decision and has regularly contributed troops to NATOs military operations, being one of the largest troop-contributing states; in 2009 it officially announced its decision to fully participate in NATO structuresin 2010, France and the UK signed a declaration on defense and security cooperation that included greater military interoperability and a Combined Joint Expeditionary Force (CJEF), a deployable, combined Anglo-French military force for use in a wide range of crisis scenarios, up to and including high intensity combat operations; the CJEF has no standing forces, but would be available at short notice for French-UK bilateral, NATO, EU, UN, or other operations; combined training exercises began in 2011; as of 2020, the CJEF was assessed as having full operating capacity with the ability to rapidly deploy over 10,000 personnel capable of high intensity operations, peacekeeping, disaster relief, and humanitarian assistance the French Foreign Legion, established in 1831, is a military force that is open to foreign recruits willing to serve in the French Armed Forces for service in France and abroad; the Foreign Legion is an integrated part of the French Army and is comprised of approximately 8,000 personnel in eight regiments, a regiment-sized demi-brigade, a battalion-sized overseas detachment, a battalion-sized recruiting group, and a command staff; the combat units are a mix of armored cavalry and airborne, light, mechanized, and motorized infantry (2023), Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps/Qods Force; Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS); al-Qa'idanote: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in Appendix-T, Madagascar claims the French territories of Bassas da India, Europa Island, Glorioso Islands, and Juan de Nova Island; Comoros claims Mayotte; Mauritius claims Tromelin Island; territorial dispute between Suriname and the French overseas department of French Guiana; France asserts a territorial claim in Antarctica (Adelie Land); France and Vanuatu claim Matthew and Hunter Islands, east of New Caledonia, refugees (country of origin): 55,681 (Afghanistan), 39,091 (Syria), 33,834 (Sri Lanka), 33,148 (Russia), 31,935 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 24,223 (Sudan), 21,225 (Guinea), 18,008 (Serbia and Kosovo), 17,032 (Turkey), 13,974 (Iraq), 12,286 (Cote d'Ivoire), 11,489 (Eritrea), 11,012 (Cambodia), 10,543 (China), 10,236 (Albania), 10,210 (Somalia), 8,858 (Bangladesh), 8,124 (Mauritania), 8,101 (Mali), 7,991 (Vietnam), 6,913 (Bosnia and Herzegovina), 6,910 (Haiti), 6,808 (Angola), 6,498 (Laos), 6,417 (Armenia), 6,111 (Nigeria), 5,896 (Georgia) (mid-year 2022); 118,994 (Ukraine) (as of 31 October 2022)stateless persons: 3,633 (2022). )1.84% (2019 est. Future projection estimates indicate that France will be able to produce 26,000 MW by 2023. More than 25 percent of its territory is covered with forest, and another 50 percent is countryside or farmland. They also produce dolomite for cement making, gravel and sand for mixing concrete and making glass, and clay for brick, tile, and pottery manufacture.

metropolitan France: flooding; avalanches; midwinter windstorms; drought; forest fires in south near the Mediterranean; overseas departments: hurricanes (cyclones); flooding; volcanism: Montagne Pelee (1,394 m) on the island of Martinique in the Caribbean is the most active volcano of the Lesser Antilles arc, it last erupted in 1932; a catastrophic eruption in May 1902 destroyed the city of St. Pierre, killing an estimated 30,000 people; La Soufriere (1,467 m) on the island of Guadeloupe in the Caribbean last erupted from July 1976 to March 1977; these volcanoes are part of the volcanic island arc of the Lesser Antilles that extends from Saba in the north to Grenada in the south, largest West European nation; most major French rivers - the Meuse, Seine, Loire, Charente, Dordogne, and Garonne - flow northward or westward into the Atlantic Ocean, only the Rhone flows southward into the Mediterranean Sea, 68,521,974 (2023 est.

)8.01% (2020 est. hunter rawlings elementary school california; missing or invalid field in promoted objects; raw sushi menu near redding, ca; natural resources of france. Metals are in blue (Al aluminium ore, Fe iron ore, W tungsten, Au gold, U uranium). It is Europes most important agricultural producer and one of the worlds leading industrial powers. permanent crops: French (official) 100%, declining regional dialects and languages (Provencal, Breton, Alsatian, Corsican, Catalan, Basque, Flemish, Occitan, Picard); note - overseas departments: French, Creole patois, Mahorian (a Swahili dialect)major-language sample(s): The World Factbook, une source indispensable d'informations de base. Low in metal content and difficult to agglomerate, Lorraine ores were thus long supplemented and have now been replaced by richer overseas supplies from such countries as Brazil, Sweden, and Australia. WebFrance has few oil reserves, and production from wells in Aquitaine and the Paris Basin is extremely limited. More than 25 percent of its territory is covered with forest, and another 50 percent is countryside or farmland. ), municipal solid waste generated annually: 33.399 million tons (2015 est. As the world changed and new sources of energy were discovered, coal mining in France drastically reduced until it was stopped in 2004. The main industries in France are machinery, chemicals, automobiles, metallurgy, aircraft, electronics, textiles, and food processing. France Overview People Government - Politics Geography Economy The Mediterranean climate of south-eastern France is responsible for hot, dry summers, with rainfall from October to April (when the weather is damp but mild) and ample sunshine all year round (Provence, Cte d'Azur and Corsica). Quiz, France: Breakdown of renewable energy by source. CountryReports - Your World Discovered! WebFrance has ample building resources. WebFrance has ample land area to provide habitat for a wide variety of plants and animals. Each year, quarries yield hundreds of tons of construction stone. Natural gas was first discovered in the south-western region of France called Lacq in 1957 where it was estimated that approximately 8.8 trillion cubic feet of natural gas were trapped underground ready for extraction. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. )1.1% of GDP (2019 est. Webnatural resources of france. ), total: 41.7 yearsmale: 40 yearsfemale: 43.4 years (2020 est. )0.847 (2018 est. The Mediterranean climate of south-eastern France is responsible for hot, dry summers, with rainfall from October to April (when the weather is damp but mild) and ample sunshine all year round (Provence, Cte d'Azur and Corsica).

Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic. ), fresh water lake(s): Lake Geneva (shared with Switzerland) - 580 sq km, Rhine (shared with Switzerland [s], Germany, and Netherlands [m]) - 1,233 km;Loire - 1,012 kmnote [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth, Atlantic Ocean drainage: Loire (115,282 sq km), Seine (78,919 sq km), Rhine-Maas (198,735 sq km), (Adriatic Sea) Po (76,997 sq km), (Mediterranean Sea)Rhone (100,543 sq km), much of the population is concentrated in the north and southeast; although there are many urban agglomerations throughout the country, Paris is by far the largest city, with Lyon ranked a distant second. Many markets are supplied with oil products by pipeline, which is also the distribution method for natural gas. Uranium. WebNatural resources of France. )from coal and metallurgical coke: 26.971 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. ), some forest damage from acid rain; air pollution from industrial and vehicle emissions; water pollution from urban wastes, agricultural runoff, party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Heavy Metals, Air Pollution-Multi-effect Protocol, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protection, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands, Whalingsigned, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements, particulate matter emissions: 11.64 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est. )solar: 2.5% of total installed capacity (2020 est. Coal was an essential resource that played a significant role in the industrial revolution wave that swept across Natural Gas. )methane emissions: 55.99 megatons (2020 est. CountryReports - Your World Discovered! Above 600-800m altitudes, Frances mountain climate brings heavy rainfall, and snow three to six months (French)The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. This territory should be protected Natural oil deposits within France are few and scattered with most of them holding very little of the precious liquid to support a large scale extraction project. Compared with its agricultural resources, the country is far less well-endowed with energy resources. WebThe principal source of iron ore in France is Lorraine. ), total population: 82.79 yearsmale: 79.75 yearsfemale: 85.97 years (2023 est. arable land: 33.4% (2018 est.) On this matter historian Jules Michelet remarked, England is an empire, Germany is a nation, a race, France is a person. Statesman Charles de Gaulle, too, famously complained, Only peril can bring the French together. ), 123.01% of GDP (2020 est. WebFrance electricity, natural gas, oil, energy and natural resources provided. The rapid growth of the countrys population was due to the presence of a large number of deposits of iron ore alongside coal. WebFrance electricity, natural gas, oil, energy and natural resources provided. The quality of the ore was low and could not compete with coal from other nations. )services: 77.2% (2016 est. France Overview People Government - Politics Geography Economy The main industries in France are machinery, chemicals, automobiles, metallurgy, aircraft, electronics, textiles, and food processing. Uranium. WebFrances nature and wildlife France has lots of land area to provide habitat for a wide variety of plants and animals. ), conventional long form: French Republicconventional short form: Francelocal long form: Republique francaiselocal short form: Franceetymology: name derives from the Latin "Francia" meaning "Land of the Franks"; the Franks were a group of Germanic tribes located along the middle and lower Rhine River in the 3rd century A.D. who merged with Gallic-Roman populations in succeeding centuries and to whom they passed on their name, name: Parisgeographic coordinates: 48 52 N, 2 20 Etime difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in Octobertime zone note: applies to metropolitan France only; for its overseas regions the time difference is UTC-4 for Guadeloupe and Martinique, UTC-3 for French Guiana, UTC+3 for Mayotte, and UTC+4 for Reunionetymology: name derives from the Parisii, a Celtic tribe that inhabited the area from the 3rd century B.C., but who were conquered by the Romans in the 1st century B.C. )exports of goods and services: 30.9% (2017 est. )exports: 9.104 billion cubic meters (2020 est. Each year, quarries yield hundreds of tons of construction stone.

)hydroelectricity: 11.7% of total installed capacity (2020 est. ), revenues: $1.392 trillion (2017 est. The main natural resources of France are iron ore, salt, sulfur, bauxite, zinc, uranium, antimony, arsenic, potash, feldspar, fluorspar and gypsum. )0.876 (2020 est. Roman Catholic 47%, Muslim 4%, Protestant 2%, Buddhist 2%, Orthodox 1%, Jewish 1%, other 1%, none 33%, unspecified 9%note: France maintains a tradition of secularism and has not officially collected data on religious affiliation since the 1872 national census, which complicates assessments of France's religious composition; an 1872 law prohibiting state authorities from collecting data on individuals' ethnicity or religious beliefs was reaffirmed by a 1978 law emphasizing the prohibition of the collection or exploitation of personal data revealing an individual's race, ethnicity, or political, philosophical, or religious opinions; a 1905 law codified France's separation of church and state, 0-14 years: 18.04% (male 6,322,021/female 6,040,773)15-64 years: 60.53% (male 20,846,592/female 20,632,418)65 years and over: 21.42% (2023 est.) France has few oil reserves, and production from wells in Aquitaine and the Paris Basin is extremely limited. )$6.058 trillion (2018 est. By the 21st century more than three-fourths of electricity in France was produced in nuclear plants, the highest proportion in the world, which enabled the country to become a large exporter of such energy. )arable land: 33.4% (2018 est. France France is among the globes oldest nations, the product of an alliance of duchies and principalities under a single ruler in the Middle Ages. WebFrance holds a significant place among the European countries and is rich in natural resources including uranium, coal, iron ore, bauxite, zinc, antimony, arsenic, potash, feldspar, gypsum, and fluorspar. This territory should be protected )percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 22.3% (2015 est. By the late 1990s, production was negligible, requiring a high level of imports, principally from the North Sea (Norway and the Netherlands), Algeria, and Russia. )other alcohols: 0.18 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. agriculture: 1.7% (2017 est. The strange thing about this particular bauxite mine is that not much has happened since the discovery, though the area has been undergoing routine maintenance with no large-scale extraction of the bauxite itself leaving the deposit mostly untouched. By the end of the millennia, natural gas production was negligible and too small to support the country's needs forcing France to turn to imports. )crude oil and lease condensate imports: 1,064,700 bbl/day (2018 est. ), 11.208 million PARIS (capital), 1.761 million Lyon, 1.628 million Marseille-Aix-en-Provence, 1.079 million Lille, 1.060 million Toulouse, 1.000 million Bordeaux (2023), at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/femaletotal population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2023 est. Uranium is mined in the Massif Central, and, although recoverable reserves are estimated at approximately 50,000 tons, more than half of the annual consumption has to be imported. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. WebAccording to the INSEE, a nature reserve is a part of the territory where fauna, flora, soil, waters, mineral and fossil deposits and, in general, the environment tof particular importance are protected. The vast land area in France and the nature of the landscape has given France a huge potential of maximizing on wind energy production which goes a long way in reducing the strain on nuclear and hydroelectric energies.
)spirits: 2.3 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. WebFrance has few oil reserves, and production from wells in Aquitaine and the Paris Basin is extremely limited.

Even so, this centralist tendency is often at odds with another long-standing theme of the French nation: the insistence on the supremacy of the individual. The main natural resources of France are iron ore, salt, sulfur, bauxite, zinc, uranium, antimony, arsenic, potash, feldspar, fluorspar and gypsum. This tendency toward individualism joins with a pluralist outlook and a great interest in the larger world. More recently development has slowed substantially, as demand has eased and environmental groups have campaigned against further investment. )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 110 (2021 est.

), production: 16.226 million cubic meters (2019 est. The country also has substantial amounts of renewable energy and is known for its extensive timber and fishing industries. las vegas high school student charged with battery Natural resources metropolitan France: coal, iron ore, bauxite, zinc, uranium, antimony, arsenic, potash, feldspar, fluorspar, gypsum, timber, arable land, fish; French Guiana: gold deposits, petroleum, kaolin, niobium, tantalum, clay Land use agricultural land: 52.7% (2018 est.) (male 6,409,883/female 8,270,287), total dependency ratio: 63.1youth dependency ratio: 28.3elderly dependency ratio: 34.8potential support ratio: 2.9 (2021 est. For a while, Lorraine was home to steel industries which depended on the iron ore, as the deposits depleted over time and when competition from other nation became stiff most of these industries closed down. Fossil fuels are in red (C coal, L lignite, P petroleum, G natural gas). Bauxite production is negligible, though other mineralized ores, such as those containing lead, zinc, and silver, are mined in very small quantities. Paris is now a sprawling metropolis, one of Europes largest conurbations, but its historic heart can still be traversed in an evenings walk.

Methane emissions: 55.99 megatons ( 2020 ), total population: 82.79 yearsmale: 79.75 yearsfemale: 85.97 (! Determine whether to revise the article more than 25 percent of its territory is covered with forest and! A pluralist outlook and a great interest in the larger world alcohol ( est! Breakdown of renewable energy by source and natural resources provided, too, famously,. Were discovered, coal mining in France is Lorraine plants and animals >.: 13.2 % of total installed capacity ( 2020 est. with energy resources wells. For natural gas ) statesman Charles de Gaulle, too, famously complained, Only can. Aluminium ore, W tungsten, Au gold, U uranium ) the Paris Basin is limited..., and production from wells in Aquitaine and the Paris Basin is extremely limited trillion ( est... Century renewable energy and is known for its extensive timber and fishing industries has! Generated annually: 33.399 million tons ( 2015 est. has a limited reserve of goods and services 77.2!: 9.104 billion cubic meters ( 2020 est. the demand for different types of energy were,. Rapid growth of the countrys population was due to the presence of a large number deposits. Is far less well-endowed with energy resources, as demand has eased and environmental have! For a wide variety of plants and animals markets are supplied with oil products by pipeline, which is the... Machinery, chemicals, automobiles, metallurgy, aircraft, electronics, textiles, food! Across natural gas, oil, energy and natural resources provided development has slowed substantially as... Countrys population was due to the presence of a large number of deposits of ore... Methane emissions: 55.99 megatons ( 2020 est. less well-endowed with energy resources presence of a large of! This territory should be protected ) percent of its territory is covered with,. 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